Types of User-defined Functions in C++

Types of User-defined Functions in C++

In this tutorial, you will find out about various approaches you can take to solve a single issue using functions.

For a better understanding of contentions and return in functions, user-defined functions can be classified as:

In this article, you will learn-

1 Example 1: No arguments passed and no return value
2 Example 2: No arguments passed but a return value
3 Example 3: Arguments passed but no return value
4 Example 4: Arguments passed and a return value.
5 Which technique is better?

Example 1: No arguments passed and no return value

# include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void prime();

int main()
{
    // No argument is passed to prime()
    prime();
    return 0;
}


// Return type of function is void because value is not returned.
void prime()
{

    int num, i, flag = 0;

    cout << "Enter a positive integer enter to check: ";
    cin >> num;

    for(i = 2; i <= num/2; ++i)
    {
        if(num % i == 0)
        {
            flag = 1; 
            break;
        }
    }

    if (flag == 1)
    {
        cout << num << " is not a prime number.";
    }
    else
    {
        cout << num << " is a prime number.";
    }
}

In the above program, prime() is called from the main() with no arguments.

prime() takes the positive number from the user and checks whether the number is a prime number or not.

Since, return type of prime() is void, no value is returned from the function.

Example 2: No arguments passed but a return value

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int prime();

int main()
{
    int num, i, flag = 0;

    // No argument is passed to prime()
    num = prime();
    for (i = 2; i <= num/2; ++i)
    {
        if (num%i == 0)
        {
            flag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }

    if (flag == 1)
    {
        cout<<num<<" is not a prime number.";
    }
    else
    {
        cout<<num<<" is a prime number.";
    }
    return 0;
}

// Return type of function is int
int prime()
{
    int n;

    printf("Enter a positive integer to check: ");
    cin >> n;

    return n;
}

In the above program, the prime() function is called from the fundamental() without any contentions.

prime() takes a positive number from the client. Since return sort of the function is an int, it returns the inputted number from the user back to the calling main() function.

Then, whether the number is prime or not is checked in the primary() itself and imprinted onto the screen.

Example 3: Arguments passed but no return value

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void prime(int n);

int main()
{
    int num;
    cout << "Enter a positive integer to check: ";
    cin >> num;
    
    // Argument num is passed to the function prime()
    prime(num);
    return 0;
}

// There is no return value to calling function. Hence, return type of function is void. */
void prime(int n)
{
    int i, flag = 0;
    for (i = 2; i <= n/2; ++i)
    {
        if (n%i == 0)
        {
            flag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }

    if (flag == 1)
    {
        cout << n << " is not a prime number.";
    }
    else {
        cout << n << " is a prime number.";
    }
}

In the above program, a positive number is first asked from the user which is put away in the variable num.

At that point, num is passed to the prime() function where, whether the number is prime or not is checked and printed.

Since the arrival sort of prime() is a void, no worth comes back from the function.

Example 4: Arguments passed and a return value.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int prime(int n);

int main()
{
    int num, flag = 0;
    cout << "Enter positive integer to check: ";
    cin >> num;

    // Argument num is passed to check() function
    flag = prime(num);

    if(flag == 1)
        cout << num << " is not a prime number.";
    else
        cout<< num << " is a prime number.";
    return 0;
}

/* This function returns integer value.  */
int prime(int n)
{
    int i;
    for(i = 2; i <= n/2; ++i)
    {
        if(n % i == 0)
            return 1;
    }

    return 0;
}

In the above program, a positive number is asked from the client and put away in the variable num.

At that point, num is passed to the function prime() where, whether the number is prime or not is checked.

Since, the arrival kind of prime() is an int, 1 or 0 is come back to the main() calling capacity. On the off chance that the number is a prime number, 1 is returned. If not, 0 is returned.

Back in the main() function, the return 1 or 0 is put away in the variable flag, and the relating text is imprinted onto the screen.