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In this article, you will learn-
Java EnumMap
In this tutorial, we will learn about the Java EnumMap class and its activities with the help of examples.
The EnumMap class of the Java collections framework gives a map implementation to components of an enum.
In EnumMap, enum elements are used as keys. It implements the Map interface.
Before we learn about EnumMap, make sure to know about the Java Enums.
Making an EnumMap
So as to make an enum map, we should import the java.util.EnumMap package first. When we import the package, here is the means by which we can make enum maps in Java.
enum Size {
SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRALARGE
}
EnumMap<Size, Integer> sizes = new EnumMap<>(Size.class);In the above example, we have created an enum map named sizes.
Here,
- Size – keys of the enum that map to values
- Integer – values of the enum map associated with the corresponding keys
Methods of EnumMap
The EnumMap class provides methods that allow us to perform various elements on the enum maps.
Insert Elements to EnumMap
- put() – inserts the specified key/value mapping (entry) to the enum map
- putAll() – inserts all the entries of a specified map to this map
For example,
import java.util.EnumMap;
class Main {
enum Size {
SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRALARGE
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an EnumMap of the Size enum
EnumMap<Size, Integer> sizes1 = new EnumMap<>(Size.class);
// Using the put() Method
sizes1.put(Size.SMALL, 28);
sizes1.put(Size.MEDIUM, 32);
System.out.println("EnumMap1: " + sizes1);
EnumMap<Size, Integer> sizes2 = new EnumMap<>(Size.class);
// Using the putAll() Method
sizes2.putAll(sizes1);
sizes2.put(Size.LARGE, 36);
System.out.println("EnumMap2: " + sizes2);
}
}
Output
EnumMap1: {SMALL=28, MEDIUM=32}
EnumMap2: {SMALL=28, MEDIUM=32, LARGE=36}In the above example, we have used the putAll() method to insert all the components of an enum map sizes1 to an enum map of sizes2.
It is likewise conceivable to insert components from different maps, for example, HashMap, TreeMap, and so on to an enum map using putAll(). However, all maps ought to be of the equivalent enum type.
Access EnumMap Elements
1. Using entrySet(), keySet() and values()
- entrySet() – returns a set of all the keys/values mapping (entry) of an enum map
- keySet() – returns a set of all the keys of an enum map
- values() – returns a set of all the values of an enum map
For example,
import java.util.EnumMap;
class Main {
enum Size {
SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRALARGE
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an EnumMap of the Size enum
EnumMap<Size, Integer> sizes = new EnumMap<>(Size.class);
sizes.put(Size.SMALL, 28);
sizes.put(Size.MEDIUM, 32);
sizes.put(Size.LARGE, 36);
sizes.put(Size.EXTRALARGE, 40);
System.out.println("EnumMap: " + sizes);
// Using the entrySet() Method
System.out.println("Key/Value mappings: " + sizes.entrySet());
// Using the keySet() Method
System.out.println("Keys: " + sizes.keySet());
// Using the values() Method
System.out.println("Values: " + sizes.values());
}
}
Output
EnumMap: {SMALL=28, MEDIUM=32, LARGE=36, EXTRALARGE=40}
Key/Value mappings: [SMALL=28, MEDIUM=32, LARGE=36, EXTRALARGE=40]
Keys: [SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRALARGE]
Values: [28, 32, 36, 40]2 Using the get() Method
The get() method returns the value associated with the specified key. It returns null if the specified key is not found.
For example,
import java.util.EnumMap;
class Main {
enum Size {
SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRALARGE
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an EnumMap of the Size enum
EnumMap<Size, Integer> sizes = new EnumMap<>(Size.class);
sizes.put(Size.SMALL, 28);
sizes.put(Size.MEDIUM, 32);
sizes.put(Size.LARGE, 36);
sizes.put(Size.EXTRALARGE, 40);
System.out.println("EnumMap: " + sizes);
// Using the get() Method
int value = sizes.get(Size.MEDIUM);
System.out.println("Value of MEDIUM: " + value);
}
}Output
EnumMap: {SMALL=28, MEDIUM=32, LARGE=36, EXTRALARGE=40}
Value of MEDIUM: 32Remove EnumMap Elements
- remove(key) – returns and removes the entry associated with the specified key from the map
- remove(key, value) – removes the entry from the map only if the specified key mapped to the specified value and return a boolean value
For example,
import java.util.EnumMap;
class Main {
enum Size {
SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRALARGE
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an EnumMap of the Size enum
EnumMap<Size, Integer> sizes = new EnumMap<>(Size.class);
sizes.put(Size.SMALL, 28);
sizes.put(Size.MEDIUM, 32);
sizes.put(Size.LARGE, 36);
sizes.put(Size.EXTRALARGE, 40);
System.out.println("EnumMap: " + sizes);
// Using the remove() Method
int value = sizes.remove(Size.MEDIUM);
System.out.println("Removed Value: " + value);
boolean result = sizes.remove(Size.SMALL, 28);
System.out.println("Is the entry {SMALL=28} removed? " + result);
System.out.println("Updated EnumMap: " + sizes);
}
}Output
EnumMap: {SMALL=28, MEDIUM=32, LARGE=36, EXTRALARGE=40}
Removed Value: 32
Is the entry {SMALL=28} removed? True
Updated EnumMap: {LARGE=36, EXTRALARGE=40}Replace EnumMap Elements
- replace(key, value) – replaces the value associated with the specified key by the new value
- replace(key, old, new) – replaces the old value with the new value only if the old value is already associated with the specified key
- replaceAll(function) – replaces each value of the map with the result of the specified function
import java.util.EnumMap;
class Main {
enum Size {
SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRALARGE
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an EnumMap of the Size enum
EnumMap<Size, Integer> sizes = new EnumMap<>(Size.class);
sizes.put(Size.SMALL, 28);
sizes.put(Size.MEDIUM, 32);
sizes.put(Size.LARGE, 36);
sizes.put(Size.EXTRALARGE, 40);
System.out.println("EnumMap: " + sizes);
// Using the replace() Method
sizes.replace(Size.MEDIUM, 30);
sizes.replace(Size.LARGE, 36, 34);
System.out.println("EnumMap using replace(): " + sizes);
// Using the replaceAll() Method
sizes.replaceAll((key, oldValue) -> oldValue + 3);
System.out.println("EnumMap using replaceAll(): " + sizes);
}
}Output
EnumMap: {SMALL=28, MEDIUM=32, LARGE=36, EXTRALARGE=40}
EnumMap using replace(): {SMALL=28, MEDIUM=30, LARGE=34, EXTRALARGE=40}
EnumMap using replaceAll(): {SMALL=31, MEDIUM=33, LARGE=37, EXTRALARGE=43}In the above program, notice the statement
sizes.replaceAll((key, oldValue) -> oldValue + 3);Here, the method accesses all the entries of the map. It then replaces all the values with the new values provided by the lambda expressions.
Other Methods
| Method | Description |
| clone() | Creates a copy of the EnumMap |
| containsKey() | Searches the EnumMap for the specified key and returns a boolean result |
| containsValue() | Searches the EnumMap for the specified value and returns a boolean result |
| size() | Returns the size of the EnumMap |
| clear() | Removes all the entries from the EnumMap |
EnumSet Vs. EnumMap
Both the EnumSet and EnumMap class gives data structures to store enum values. However, there exist some significant contrasts between them.
- Enum set is represented to inside as an arrangement of pieces, while the enum map is represented to inside as arrays.
- Enum set is made using its predefined strategies like allOf(), noneOf(), of(), and so forth Be that as it may, an enum map is made using its constructor.
Clonable and Serializable Interfaces
The EnumMap class also implements Cloneable and Serializable interfaces.
Cloneable Interface
It allows the EnumMap class to make a copy of instances of the class.
Serializable Interface
Whenever Java objects need to be transmitted over a network, objects need to be converted into bits or bytes. This is because Java objects cannot be transmitted over the network.
The Serializable interface allows classes to be serialized. This means objects of the classes implementing Serializable can be converted into bits or bytes.
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