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In this tutorial, you will learn-
In this article, you will learn-
CSS Background
CSS Background: The CSS background properties are used to add background effects for elements.
CSS background property is used to define the background effect on element.
CSS background-color
The background-color property specifies the background color of an element.
Example
The background color of a page is set like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {
background-color: lightblue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<p>This page has a light blue background color!</p>
</body>
</html>
With CSS, a color is frequently determined by:
• a valid color name – like “red”
• a HEX value- like “#ff0000”
• an RGB value- like “rgb(255,0,0)”
Other Elements
You can set the background color for any HTML elements:
Example
Here, the <h1>, <p>, and <div> elements will have different background colors:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
h2 {
background-color: green;
}
div {
background-color: lightblue;
}
p {
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>CSS background-color example!</h2>
<div>
This is a text inside a div element.
<p>This paragraph has its own background color.</p>
We are still in the div element.
</div>
</body>
</html>
Opacity / Transparency
The opacity property indicates the opacity/transparency of an element. It can take a value from 0.0 – 1.0. The lower value, the more transparent:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div {
background-color: green;
}
div.first {
opacity: 0.1;
}
div.second {
opacity: 0.3;
}
div.third {
opacity: 0.6;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Transparent Box</h1>
<p>When using the opacity property to add transparency to the background of an element, all of its child elements become transparent as well. This can make the text inside a fully transparent element hard to read:</p>
<div class="first">
<h1>opacity 0.1</h1>
</div>
<div class="second">
<h1>opacity 0.3</h1>
</div>
<div class="third">
<h1>opacity 0.6</h1>
</div>
<div>
<h1>opacity 1 (default)</h1>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Note: When using the opacity property to add transparency to the background of an element, all of its child elements inherit a similar transparency. This can make the text inside a fully transparent element hard to read.
Transparency using RGBA
On the off chance that you would prefer not to apply opacity to child elements, as in our example above, use RGBA color values. The accompanying example sets the opacity for the background color and not the text:
You learned from our CSS Colors Chapter, that you can use RGB as a color value. Notwithstanding RGB, you can use an RGB color value with an alpha channel (RGBA) – which indicates the opacity for a color.
An RGBA color value is determined with: rgba(red, green, blue, alpha). The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (fully opaque).
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
div {
background: rgb(0, 128, 0);
}
div.first {
background: rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.1);
}
div.second {
background: rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.3);
}
div.third {
background: rgba(0, 128, 0, 0.6);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Transparent Box</h1>
<p>With opacity:</p>
<div style="opacity:0.1;">
<h1>10% opacity</h1>
</div>
<div style="opacity:0.3;">
<h1>30% opacity</h1>
</div>
<div style="opacity:0.6;">
<h1>60% opacity</h1>
</div>
<div>
<h1>opacity 1</h1>
</div>
<p>With RGBA color values:</p>
<div class="first">
<h1>10% opacity</h1>
</div>
<div class="second">
<h1>30% opacity</h1>
</div>
<div class="third">
<h1>60% opacity</h1>
</div>
<div>
<h1>default</h1>
</div>
<p>Notice how the text gets transparent as well as the background color when using the opacity property.</p>
</body>
</html>
Thanks for reading! We hope you found this tutorial helpful and we would love to hear your feedback in the Comments section below. And show us what you’ve learned by sharing your projects with us.
